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"In silico"


From Wikipedia
If the target host* of a phage therapy treatment is not an animal the term "biocontrol" (as in phage-mediated biocontrol of bacteria) is usually employed, rather than "phage therapy".

In silico
From:"Genomics,Proteomics and Clinical Bacteriology",N.Woodford and Alan P.Johnson

Phrase that emphasizes the fact that many molecular biologists spend increasing amounts of their time in front of a computer screen, generating hypotheses that can subsequently be tested and (hopefully) confirmed in the laboratory.


Phage Therapy is influenced by:

Phage therapy is influenced by:

Country : the epidemiological situation is different from country to country in terms of circulating bacteria and bacteriophages. Example: lytic phages from Italy may be no active on the same bacteria (genus and species) isolated from another country and vice versa.
Temporariness
Mutation rate
Phenotypical delay
Phage cocktail

My point of view

Friday, 30 December 2011

Saturday, 15 October 2011

Mycobacterium phages for Mycobacterium ulcerans



Mycobacterium phage TM4, complete genome

Genome Info:Features:BLAST homologs:Links:Review Info:
Refseq: NC_003387 Genes: 89COGGenome ProjectPublications: [1]
GenBank: AF068845Protein coding: 89TaxMapRefseq FTPRefseq Status: Validated
Length: 52,797 ntStructural RNAs: NoneTaxPlotGenBank FTPSeq.Status: Completed
GC Content: 68% Pseudo genes: None GenePlotBLASTSequencing center: University of Pittsburgh, Biological Sciences, USA, Pittsburgh
% Coding: 91% Others: None gMapTraceAssembly Completed: 1999/03/04
Topology: linearContigs: None
CDDOrganism Group
Molecule: dsDNA

Other genomes for species:




Mycobacterium phage L5, complete genome

Genome Info:Features:BLAST homologs:Links:Review Info:
Refseq: NC_001335 Genes: 88COGGenome ProjectPublications: [2]
GenBank: Z18946Protein coding: 85TaxMapRefseq FTPRefseq Status: Validated
Length: 52,297 ntStructural RNAs: 3TaxPlotGenBank FTPSeq.Status: Completed
GC Content: 62% Pseudo genes: None GenePlotBLASTSequencing center: Graham F Hatfull Dr, Biological Sciences, University of, Pittsburgh, Department of Biological Sciences, University of, Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
% Coding: 87% Others: 3gMapTraceAssembly Completed: 1993/02/23
Topology: linearContigs: NoneCDDOrganism Group
Molecule: dsDNA

Other genomes for species:



Mycobacterium phage D29, complete genome

Genome Info:Features:BLAST homologs:Links:Review Info:
Refseq: NC_001900 Genes: 84COGGenome ProjectPublications: [1]
GenBank: AF022214Protein coding: 79TaxMapRefseq FTPRefseq Status: Reviewed
Length: 49,136 ntStructural RNAs: 5TaxPlotGenBank FTPSeq.Status: Completed
GC Content: 63% Pseudo genes: None GenePlotBLASTSequencing center: University of Pittsburgh, Biological Sciences, USA, Pittsburgh
% Coding: 90% Others: 3gMapTraceAssembly Completed: 1998/06/02
Topology: linearContigs: NoneCDDOrganism Group
Molecule: dsDNA

Other genomes for species:


Link2
Link3
Link4
Link5 
Link6 
Link7
Link8
Link9







Friday, 14 October 2011

Mycobacterium ulcerans Agy99, complete genome

Mycobacterium ulcerans Agy99, complete genome
Chromosomes: genome
Plasmids: pMUM001

Genome Info:Features:BLAST homologs:Links:Review Info:
Refseq: NC_008611 Genes: 4981COGGenome ProjectPublications: [1]
GenBank: CP000325Protein coding: 4160TaxMapRefseq FTPRefseq Status: PROVISIONAL
Length: 5,631,606 ntStructural RNAs: 50TaxPlotGenBank FTPSeq.Status: Completed
GC Content: 65% Pseudo genes: 771GenePlotBLASTSequencing center: Institut Pasteur
% Coding: 
 72%
Others: 452gMapTraceAssembly Completed: 2006/12/04
Topology: circularContigs: NoneCDDOrganism Group
Molecule: DNA

Other genomes for species:

Gene Classification based on COG functional categories
Link1
Link2
Link3
Link4
Link5









Antimicrobial Research ( SAR-2011)

Sunday, 4 September 2011

Phage therapy conditions

Phage therapy must be used in those conditions  where the therapeutic success is elevated a priori.

Why?

a-Because Phage Therapy must maintain its best advantage :   the RAPIDITY "GO, KILL and  DISAPPEAR".

b- Because Phages must be Lytic and not modified by genetic engineering.

c-Because when we use the natural lytic phages in this SHORT TIME  IS IMPOSSIBLE to have:
 - a bacterial resistance that stops a phage attack ( 12 generations are necessary after a mutation of phage receptor in one bacterium for one phage and for this raison we use a minimum  of two phages in the cocktail).
- an active  immunological reaction ( two weeks are necessary).

d-Because it  is hard now to select phages and to prepare a phage cocktail by natural phages we can imagine how this  will be  with  transformed phages.


 e-Because with recombinant phages it is impossible to predict what will happen regarding the therapy and also  the phage preparation  is complicated and  the use of these phages do not avoid  the appearance of Phage Resistance.

 f-For impeding the effect of the Endotoxin it is possible to use the Polimixina B.


If the abovementioned points are not adequately covered  we must not use Phage Therapy .

Thursday, 11 August 2011